Life cycle water use of gasoline and electric light-duty vehicles in China

doi:10.1016/j.resconrec.2019.104628

CASISD OpenIR

	Life cycle water use of gasoline and electric light-duty vehicles in China
	Wang, Li; Shen, Wei; Kim, Hyung Chul; Wallington, Timothy J.; Zhang, Qiang; Han, Weijian
发表期刊	RESOURCES CONSERVATION AND RECYCLING
摘要	The cradle-to-grave life cycle water withdrawal and consumption for typical light-duty gasoline and battery electric vehicles (BEVs) produced and operated in China is estimated for the first time. The life cycle withdrawal and consumption are 275 and 137 m(3) for the gasoline, and 851 and 262 m(3) for the electric Ford Focus (using national average grid electricity). The life cycle water estimates are dominated by water used for fuel production (gasoline or electricity). For the current national average grid, BEVs are more water intensive than conventional gasoline vehicles although the transition towards more solar and wind power will narrow this gap. The Focus BEV, if produced and operated on solar photovoltaic electricity, will have life cycle water withdrawal and consumption of 181 and 47 m(3). Using wind electricity, the water withdrawal and consumption can be further reduced to 113 and 43 m(3). Life cycle water withdrawal associated with vehicle use in China is approximately a factor of 2-4 lower than in the U.S. reflecting lower water withdrawal for electricity generation in China. Life cycle water consumption of BEVs in China is 50 % higher than in the U.S., mainly reflecting a greater share of hydroelectricity in China. In addition, large regional differences in electricity generation lead to a wide range in water use of BEVs. The results highlight the importance of a transition to renewable energy, particularly solar and wind, to power future sustainable electric mobility and improved energy and water use efficiency in BEV production.
	2020
卷号	154
DOI	10.1016/j.resconrec.2019.104628
语种	英语
引用统计
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://ir.casisd.cn/handle/190111/9830
专题	中国科学院科技战略咨询研究院
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Wang, Li,Shen, Wei,Kim, Hyung Chul,et al. Life cycle water use of gasoline and electric light-duty vehicles in China[J]. RESOURCES CONSERVATION AND RECYCLING,2020,154.
APA	Wang, Li,Shen, Wei,Kim, Hyung Chul,Wallington, Timothy J.,Zhang, Qiang,&Han, Weijian.(2020).Life cycle water use of gasoline and electric light-duty vehicles in China.RESOURCES CONSERVATION AND RECYCLING,154.
MLA	Wang, Li,et al."Life cycle water use of gasoline and electric light-duty vehicles in China".RESOURCES CONSERVATION AND RECYCLING 154(2020).